原帖由 goat 於 10-8-3 09:30 發表
駛乜講南北邊度多人才,同官方語言有咩關係?
官方語言呢單野係真事, 白紙黑字紀錄在案
© 1950 by Princeton University Press:
© 1950年由普林斯頓大學出版社：The most important issue confronting the assembly was the question of what sounds were to be represented by these symbols.
最重要的問題是面臨的問題，大會的聲音是什麼將這些符號代表。In view of the fact that the conference which the delegates had been invited to attend had been designated as a Conference on Unification of Pronunciation, their task was clearly one of deciding on a standard language for the whole country. On this issue the delegates split into two groups. One comprised delegates from the Mandarin-speaking area under the leadership of Wang Chao. The other consisted of representatives from the southern coastal area under the leadership of the Kiangsu-Chekiang bloc, which in turn was led by Wu Chih-hui and Wang Jung-pao of Kiangsu , the latter being the man who in 1906 had drafted the reply of the Ministry of Education rejecting the phonetic scheme proposed by Lu Kan-chang.
鑑於這一事實，這次會議的代表被邀請出席了被指定為一個統一的語音會議上，他們的任務是決定一個明顯的標準語言為整個國家。 與會代表在這個問題上分裂成兩組。組成一個代表從講華語地區的領導下，汪潮。其他代表組成的南部沿海地區的領導下， 在江蘇，浙江集團，而這又分別由吳稚暉和王榕葆江蘇 ，後者是該名男子於1906年起草了誰的答复中，教育部拒絕漢語拼音方案提出的陸幹昌。The two groups were about equal in strength.
兩組均約等於實力。The focal point of their disagreement was Wang Chao's insistence that the Mandarin pronunciation should be taken as the standard as against the equally strong contention of southern representatives that such a procedure would not meet the problem of southern dialect sounds not existing in Mandarin.
在他們的分歧的焦點是汪超堅持認為應採取普通話發音為標準，對同樣強大的爭奪南部的代表，這種程序將無法滿足南部方言的問題不存在的普通話聲音。"Southerners cannot get along without voiced sounds and the entering tone," maintained Wang Jung-pao.
“南方人不能相處，沒有濁音和入聲，”保持王榕寶。He was echoed in this by Wu Chih-hui, who argued that Germany was strong because its language contained many voiced sounds and that China was weak because Mandarin was lacking in them.+
他贊同在這吳稚暉，誰爭辯說，德國是強大的，因為它的語言包含了許多聲音，並表示中國是弱，因為普通話是他們缺乏。+After a month of stalemate Wang Chao called a separate meeting of the thirty delegates, a majority of those attending the conference, who were representatives either of the Mandarin area or of the provinces of Kwangtung and Fukien. Wang told his audience that the stand taken by the absent Kiangsu-Chekiang bloc was tantamount to advocating the pronunciation of this region as the national language, a course which if adopted would bring disaster to China for generations to come. He repeated this assertion to the plenary conference and also advanced a proposal for a new system of voting to resolve the deadlock.
經過一個月的僵局汪超召開另一次會議的代表30，一個多數人出席會議，代表誰的任一地區或普通話的省份廣東和福建。 王告訴他的聽眾，採取的立場缺席的江蘇蘇浙集團就等於提倡發音本地區作為國家語言，如獲通過，而這將帶來災難，中國的後代。這種說法，他反复向全會會議還提出一項建議，並為一新系統的投票以解決僵局。His suggestion, calling for one vote for each province regardless of number of delegates, was quickly identified as a means of giving ascendancy to the numerically preponderant Mandarin provinces.
他的建議，要求每個省一票，不論代表人數，很快就被確定為優勢的一種手段給予的數值優勢普通話的省份。The conference was thrown into an uproar. Wang Chao attempted to exert pressure to split the southern group by threatening to walk out on what he referred to as the "Kiangsu-Chekiang Conference on Unification of Pronunciation." Finally he almost came to blows with Wang Jung-pao.
這次會議是陷入一片嘩然。 汪朝施加壓力，企圖分裂南方集團威脅要對他走出被稱為“蘇浙公學的統一語音會議。”最後，他幾乎開始動手動腳王榮寶。One day, when the latter happened to use the colloquial Shanghai expression huang-pao ch`e "rickshaw," Wang Chao mis-heard it as the Mandarin oath wang-pa tan "turtle's egg," whereupon he bared his arms and chased the speaker out of the hall.
有一天，當後者發生在使用口語上海表達黃葆通道`e“的人力車，”汪超誤聽到它的普通話宣誓汪巴丹“龜蛋”，於是他露出他的胳膊和追截音箱的大廳。That was the last of Wang Jung-pao at the conference.
這是最後王榮寶出席了會議。The upshot of all this controversy was a complete victory for the Mandarin group. Wang Chao got his way in the matter of voting procedure and was thereby enabled to end the more than three months of discussion by receiving approval for a series of agreements to his liking.
其結果是這一切的爭論完全勝利的普通話小組。汪炒了他的方式在這個問題上的投票程序，並從而使結束3個多月的討論，接受批准的一系列協定，他喜歡。The symbols remained limited to the 39 needed for representing the sounds of the standard language.
這些符號仍然有限所需的39個代表的聲音的標準語言。They were to be used only for the standard language and were not to be adapted for writing the various dialects of the coastal area.
他們將只用於標準的語言，沒有能適應各種方言寫的沿海地區。The standard language was defined by fixing the pronunciation of some 6,500 characters in a Dictionary of National Pronunciation.
該標準被定義為固定的語言的發音部分在6500字詞典的國家讀音。Finally, accord was reached on submitting to the Ministry of Education a series of recommendations under the general heading of How to Promote the National Pronunciation.
最後，達成了協議提交給教育部的一系列建議的總標題下如何推進國家讀音。+ Voiced sounds (eg the sound represented by b in English bat) do not exist in Mandarin, which has only unvoiced sounds, either aspirated (eg somewhat like p in English pat) , or unaspirated (eg like p in English spat).
+濁的聲音（如用B代表的聲音在英國蝙蝠）不存在的普通話，這只是氣音，無論是送氣（如磷的英語有點像拍），或不送氣（例如像P的英文吐口水）。Only the Wu (Kiangsu-Chekiang) and Min dialects of Chinese have voiced sounds.
只有吳（江蘇，浙江）和閩方言中已表達的聲音。The entering tone, commonly called the fifth tone, does not exist in standard Mandarin, which has only four full tones.
進入音，俗稱第五音，不存在標準的普通話，其中只有4個全色調。Kiangsu = Jiangsu = 江苏
江蘇 =江蘇 =江蘇Chekiang = Zhejiang = 浙江
浙江=浙江=浙江Kwantung = Guangdong = 广东
關東軍 = =廣東廣東Fukien = Fujian = 福建
= =福建福建福建
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